俗话说得好,独痛苦不如众痛苦。都给老子把这段刷掉再看文!不能就老子一个人一天48小时地被当成陀螺毒打! ———————————————— 2.2. Lithium Salts An ideal electrolyte solute for ambient rechargeable lithium batteries should meet the following minimal requirements: (1) It should be able to completely dissolve and dissociate in the nonaqueous media, and the solvated ions (especially lithium cation) should be able to move in the media with high mobility. (2) The anion should be stable against oxidative decomposition at the cathode. (3) The anion should be inert to electrolyte solvents. (4) Both the anion and the cation should remain inert toward the other cell components such as separator, electrode substrate, and cell packaging materials. (5) The anion should be nontoxic and remain stable against thermally induced reactions with electrolyte solvents and other cell components. The available choice of lithium salts for electrolyte application is rather limited when compared to the wide spectrum of aprotic organic compounds that could make possible electrolyte solvents. This difference could be more clearly reflected in a comprehensive report summarizing nonaqueous electrolytes developed for rechargeable lithium cells, in which Dahn and co-workers described over 150 electrolyte solvent compositions that were formulated based on 27 basic solvents but only 5 lithium salts. Because of the small ionic radius of lithium ion, most simple salts of lithium fail to meet the minimum solubility requirement in low dielectric media. Examples are halides, LiX (where X = Cl and F), or the oxides Li2O. Although solubility in nonaqueous solvents would increase if the anion is replaced by a so-called “soft Lewis base” such as Br-, I-, S2-, or carboxylates (R-CO2-), the improvement is usually realized at the expense of the anodic stability of the salt because these anions are readily oxidized on the charged surfaces of cathode materials at <4.0 V vs Li.